N organic phases, while most natural molecular recognition systems are carried out in aqueous solutions. Ways to carry out molecularly imprinted polymers and recognition in aqueous solutions or polar solvents is still a major difficulty. The best MIP should really have the following properties: (1) it should be rigid enough that the polymer can retain the original shape and size with the hole soon after removing the template molecule; (2) it ought to be versatile enough that the binding in between the substrate as well as the hole can reach a balance immediately; (3) the imprinted sites on the MIP ought to be accessible; (four) it has specific mechanical stability; and (five) it has thermal stability therefore that it may be applied at higher temperatures.Nanomaterials 2021, 11, 2851 Nanomaterials 2021, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW18 of 24 21 ofFigure 8. (A) Preparation procedure of your MIP-Au/CS-CDS/GCE. Reprinted with permission from [127]. Copyright 2017 Figure 8. (A) Preparation process on the MIP-Au/CS-CDS/GCE. Reprinted with permission from [127]. Copyright 2017 Elsevier. (B) Preparation of CDs@MIP. Reprinted with permission from [42]. Copyright 2016 Elsevier. Elsevier. (B) Preparation of CDs@MIP. Reprinted with permission from [42]. Copyright 2016 Elsevier.3.four. Others 3.four. Others In addition to the above-modified biorecognition unit, nanomaterials are also combined with to the above-modified biorecognition unit, nanomaterialscomposite for Also others to detect mycotoxins. By way of example, a rGO/SnO2 are also comthe electrochemical detect mycotoxins. By way of example, a rGO/SnO2 composite for the bined with others to detection of PAT that doesn’t demand a biological or chemical receptor or specific antibodies was synthesized, which biological or chemical recepelectrochemical detection of PAT that doesn’t require a Hypothemycin Protocol showed outstanding perfortor or certain antibodies was synthesized, which showed outstanding functionality and mance and demonstrated promising electrochemical properties within the direct detection demonstrated promising electrochemical properties inside the direct DPV response of the of PAT levels in contaminated apple juice samples. The detection of PAT levels in contaminated appleelectrode via the changesresponse in the rGO/SnO2 composite rGO/SnO2 composite juice samples. The DPV in electrical signals generated by the reduction of PAT by SnO2 showed a linear relationship using the PAT concentrationNanomaterials 2021, 11,19 ofelectrode via the modifications in electrical signals generated by the reduction of PAT by SnO2 showed a linear partnership using the PAT concentration within the 5000 nM variety and had a reduce detection limit of 0.6635 nM [128]. In yet another study, an amperometric sensor according to a step-by-step modification on the bare GCE by graphene-multiwalled carbon nanotube-chitosan-ionic liquid (Gr-MWCNTs-Ch-IL)/collagen-IL (CG-IL)/NiO NPs for the ultrasensitive determination of OTA in juice samples was fabricated. The sensor was able to ultrasensitively identify OTA inside a concentration selection of 0.01 nM to 10 nM with a limit of detection of 0.five 10-11 M in addition to a sensitivity of 36.four nM-1 [129]. 4. Conclusions and Future Perspectives This review was organized to describe the integration of biorecognition units (antibodies, Cholesteryl sulfate sodium aptamers, and MIPs) and CNM/carbon-based nanocomposites in smart sensors for the ultratrace identification and quantification of mycotoxins in various samples. As presented in the literature, clever sensors have been regarded as potent testing devices on account of their num.