l target–NS3 protease (Gonzalez et al. 2009;Curcuma longa L. (Haridra)C. longa is amongst probably the most typically used drug in Ayurveda, a common spice (Thimmulappa et al. 2021) and colouring agent (Ou et al. 2013). Curcumin, on the list of most important active principle of C. longa (Li et al. 2019), is reported to inhibit NF-B activation post exposure of different inflammatory stimuli in 117 randomized manage trials. There was a important reduction in TNF-, IL-6, TGF- and MCP-1 Adenosine A2B receptor (A2BR) Inhibitor MedChemExpress following curcumin supplementation (Panahi et al. 2016). Curcumin inhibits mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation, IL-2 synthesis/signaling and NF-kB (IL-2 promoter transcription aspect) activation (Ranjan et al. 2004). Also, the macrophage phagocytic activity is also enhanced by curcumin (Antony et al. 1999). A study exhibited that nanoparticulate curcumin stimulated higher early cell-mediated and humoral immune response with comparable results in secondary humoral antibody titres.Environ Sci Pollut Res (2021) 28:55925Shirole et al. 2015). Further, within a study, ethyl acetate extract of fruits of E. ribes has shown extremely promising antiviral activity against influenza virus A/34 (H1N1), with an IC50 of 0.2 g/ mL; also, the study revealed that embelin was most productive when added at early stages in the viral life cycle (0 h postinfection), as well as, it was identified powerful against avian influenza virus A/84 (H5N2) (Bachmetov et al. 2012). A study has reported that pre-treatment with embelin (five, 10 and 20 mg/kg, i.p.) decreased lung oedema, Topo II Source mononucleated cellular infiltration, nitrate/nitrite, total protein, albumin concentrations, TNF- in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and myeloperoxidase activity in lung homogenate. Embelin markedly prevented pO2 down-regulation and pCO2 augmentation. Moreover, it attenuated lung histopathological adjustments in acute respiratory distress syndrome model, as a result exhibiting lung guarding house and anti-inflammatory activity in lung cell. hence is often a promising herb in preventing lung harm like complications in COVID-19 (Hossan et al. 2018). A current computational study reports the role of embelin to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro protease extra particularly as a result of formation of a covalent bond in between S (Cys145) and an embelin C (carbonyl). This really is further assisted by two protein amino acids N (imidazole-His41) which are able to capture H[S(Cys145)] and HN(His163), which donate a proton to embelin O(carbonyl) forming an OH moiety. This results in inhibition with the viral protease (Caruso et al. 2020). Ayurvedic literature mainly counts the fruits of E. ribes for its impact as antibacterial, antiprotozoal, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and treatment for abdominal problems and lung fungus infections (Dwivedi et al. 2019). This drug has been reported for the therapy of influenza in 1919 (Menon 1919). Respiratory distress is one of the big symptoms discovered through the second surge of SARS-CoV-2 in India. E. ribes also possesses anti-inflammatory and protective impact against LPS-induced airway inflammation by decreasing nitrosative tension, physiological parameters of blood gas adjust, TNF and mononucleated cellular infiltration, indicating it as a possible therapeutic agent for acute respiratory distress syndrome (Shirole et al. 2015). The drug may be repurposed for the respiratory distress taking place in SARS-CoV-2. Potassium embelate, two,5-dihydroxy, 3-undecyl-1, 4-benzoquinone, derived from E. ribes was tested for subacute, chron