Posure of astrocytes to morphine induced the expression and secretion of miR-23 inside the EVs, which, upon uptake by the pericytes resulted in their migration. Moreover, within the pericytes that had taken up morphine stimulated astrocyte EVs, there was downregulation of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), a target of miR-23. Summary/Conclusion: Our findings indicate that morphine-mediated dysregulation of miRNA expression in the CNS requires astrocyte-pericyte communication by way of the extracellular vesicles, leading, in turn, to loss of pericyte coverage in the BBB. Funding: This Rhodopsin-like receptors Proteins custom synthesis perform was supported by grants DA040397, MH112848 (S.B.) and DA042704, DA046831 (G.H.) from the National Institutes of Well being. The support by Nebraska Center for Substance Abuse Investigation is acknowledged.PT07.07=OWP2.Diagnostic microRNA biomarkers from circulating extracellular vesicles for early detection of pneumonia and serious secondary complications Stefanie Hermanna, Benedikt Kirchnerb, Dominik Buschmannc, Melanie M ted, Florian Brandesd, Stefan Kotschotee, Michael Boninf, Marlene Reithmairg, Matthias Kleinh, Gustav Schellingd and Michael Pfafflda Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, College of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; b Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Freising, Germany; cTUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Freising, Freising, Germany; d Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-MaximiliansUniversity Munich, M chen, Germany; eIMGM Laboratories GmbH, Planegg, Martinsried, Germany; fIMGM Laboratories GmbH, Planegg, Germany, Martinsried, USA; gInstitute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, M chen, Germany; h Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig-MaximiliansUniversity Munich, M chen, GermanyIntroduction: Pneumonia remains one of the most deadly communicable diseases, causing 3 million deaths worldwide in 2016. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are pivotal in the course of signal transfer within the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases. Considering that identifying pneumonia is especially difficult in high threat groups (e.g. the elderly or infants), which Syndecan-2/CD362 Proteins custom synthesis normally present with atypical symptoms and are at higher risk for secondary complications like sepsis or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), new approaches for early diagnosis are necessary. Within this study we identified EV microRNAs (miRNAs) as prospective biomarkers for inflammatory changes from the pulmonary tissue. Techniques: Our study incorporated 13 patients with community-acquired pneumonia, 14 ARDS individuals, 22 sufferers with sepsis and 31 healthy controls. After precipitating EVs from 1 ml serum, total RNA was extracted. Subsequent to library preparation and compact RNA-Seq, differential gene expression analysis was performed employing DESeq2. Information had been filtered by imply miRNA expression of 50 reads, minimum twofold up or down regulation and adjusted p-value 0.05. Outcomes: The mean relative miRNA frequency varied slightly among the different groups and was highest in volunteers. Short sequences ( 16 nucleotides), most likely degradation items from longer coding and non-coding RNA species, had been predominantly detected in sufferers. Depending on unsupervised clustering, patients might be distinctly separated from healthy men and women. Though 21 miRNAs had been drastically r.