Ared SA/PVP/TiO2 nanocomposite beads advise their use as effective, eco-friendly components for the remedy of wastewaters contaminated with cationic dyes. Search phrases: hydrogel nanocomposite beads; sodium alginate; polyvinylpyrrolidone; cationic dye; photodegradationCitation: Elessawy, N.A.; Gouda, M.H.; Elnouby, M.S.; Zahran, H.F.; Hashim, A.; Abd El-Latif, M.M.; Santos, D.M.F. Novel Sodium Alginate/Polyvinylpyrrolidone/TiO2 Nanocomposite for Effective Removal of Cationic Dye from Aqueous Option. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 9186. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11199186 Academic Editor: Adina Magdalena Musuc Enclomiphene In Vivo Received: six September 2021 Accepted: 30 September 2021 Published: 2 OctoberPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.1. Introduction The release of dye-contaminated wastewaters from Cefaclor (monohydrate) Purity different industries [1] into the environment leads to dramatic effects on the living life of our planet, as dyes and their sub-products are generally toxic or mutagenic agents [2]. Unique methods are utilized to treat waters polluted with dyes, including adsorption [3,4], photocatalysis [5], biological solutions [6,7], coagulation, and flocculation [8]. Lately, photocatalysis degradation has been used extensively to remove several organic [9] and inorganic [10] wastewater contaminants by transforming them into nonhazardous supplies. Among the semiconductor supplies most commonly utilized as a photocatalyst to take away various contaminants from wastewaters is titanium dioxide (TiO2 ), which was studied as a photocatalyst for the initial time in 1972 by Fujishima and Honda [11]. TiO2 is a non-toxic and bio-friendly material, chemically steady, photostable, commerciallyCopyright: 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This short article is definitely an open access post distributed beneath the terms and circumstances of your Inventive Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 9186. https://doi.org/10.3390/apphttps://www.mdpi.com/journal/applsciAppl. Sci. 2021, 11,two ofavailable having a low expense value, has high transparency to visible light, and can be activated with sunlight or UV radiation [12,13]. The issue concerning the application on an industrial scale of TiO2 nanostructures is the low adsorption of organic pollutants, uniform distribution of nanoparticles, plus the sluggish separation and recovery of nanosized particles during the procedure of wastewater treatment. Supporting TiO2 nanostructures on a polymeric matrix can overcome this difficulty. TiO2 incorporated into a calcium (Ca)-alginate film matrix was used as a photocatalyst to take away methyl orange with 82.two effectiveness after 120 min of UV irradiation [14]. ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles embedded into Ca-alginate beads had been also applied as a photocatalyst to remove copper ions [10]. By utilizing cross-linked sodium alginate (SA) with TiO2 , forming a SA iO2 hydrogel, an adsorption efficiency for methyl violet dye of 99.six was reported, whereas SA-based film only accomplished 85 . This impact was attributed to the electrostatic attraction between the methyl violet dye and TiO2 , which behaves as an anionic center in the hybrid hydrogel [15]. Alternatively, following two cycles of reuse, the SA iO2 hybrid film was still powerful in degrading Congo red under UV light, with no appreciable loss of catalytic activity [16]. Normally, adsorption-photocatalytic degradation of dyes is favored u.