G: This function was supported by grants from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (20K22969) to M.M.C.-R. (80272152; 18H04061) and to C.C. Institutional Critique Board Statement: All experimental protocols had been authorized by the University of Tsukuba Security Committee for Recombinant DNA Experiments (Code: 170110 from 1 December 2017) in which the policy with the Animal Care and Use Committee in University of Tsukuba is included. Informed Consent Statement: Not applicable. Information Availability Statement: All information applied in this study are available in the corresponding author upon affordable request. Acknowledgments: We thank all members in the Japan Newt Research Community (JNRC) and also the Newtic Organ Regeneration Forum for their precious comments and discussion, and the citizens of Toride City for helping us with the every day upkeep with the newts. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of Troriluzole Autophagy Interest.Biomedicines 2021, 9,17 of
biomedicinesArticlePhoenixin as a new Target in the Improvement of Methods for Endometriosis Diagnosis and TreatmentKarolina Iwona Kulinska 1, , Miroslaw Andrusiewicz 1, , Anna Dera-Szymanowska 2, , Maria Billert three , Marek Skrzypski 3 , Krzysztof Szymanowski two,4 , Ewa Nowak-Markwitz 5 , Malgorzata Kotwicka 1 and Maria Wolun-Cholewa 1, Citation: Kulinska, K.I.; Andrusiewicz, M.; Dera-Szymanowska, A.; Billert, M.; Skrzypski, M.; Szymanowski, K.; Nowak-Markwitz, E.; Kotwicka, M.; Wolun-Cholewa, M. Phoenixin as a new Target in the Improvement of Tactics for Endometriosis Diagnosis and Remedy. Biomedicines 2021, 9, 1427. https://doi.org/10.3390/ biomedicines9101427 Academic Editor: Nikolaos Machairiotis Received: 30 August 2021 Accepted: five October 2021 Published: 9 OctoberChair and Division of Cell 1-Phenylethan-1-One manufacturer Biology, Poznan University of Health-related Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (M.K.) Clinic of Perinatology and Gynaecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; [email protected] (A.D.-S.); [email protected] (K.S.) Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 35, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; [email protected] (M.B.); [email protected] (M.S.) Chair and Department of Medical Education, Poznan University of Healthcare Sciences, Rokietnicka 7, 60-806 Poznan, Poland Gynecologic Oncology Division, Poznan University of Health-related Sciences, Polna 33, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; [email protected] Correspondence: [email protected] (K.I.K.); [email protected] (M.W.-C.) These authors contribute equally to this function.Abstract: Small integral membrane protein 20/phoenixin (SMIM20/PNX) and its receptor GPR173 (G Protein-Coupled Receptor 173) play a role within the regulation of the hypothalamic ituitary onadal axis (HPG). The aim of the study was to decide PNX, FSH, LH, and 17-estradiol association in ladies with endometriosis, plus the expression of SMIM20/PNX signaling via GPR173. Serum PNX, FSH, LH, and 17-estradiol concentrations have been measured by enzyme and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. SMIM20/PNX and GPR173 expression inside the eutopic and ectopic endometrium was assessed by qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Reduced PNX level, elevated LH/FSH ratio and elevated 17-estradiol concentration had been found in individuals with endometriosis. No differences in SMIM20 expression had been observed involving the studied endometria. GPR173 expression was reduce in ecto.