Sis [52] . This finding has led to a Food and Drug Administration authorized remedy for glioblastoma multiforme[53], together with the electric field effects on microtubules becoming viewed as because the main underlying mechanism of action[52,54,55]. This clinical outcome prompts strong motivation to pursue additional research aimed at further elucidating the electric signaling capabilities of mammalian microtubules. For this objective, contributions due to the dipole moments, charges, van der Waals, and solvation power have already been taken into account to dissect and explain microtubular power balance[56], and optomechanical approaches have been proposed for monitoring microtubule vibration patterns[57]. Furthermore, alterations of collective terahertz oscillations have been located to be induced in tubulin by anesthetics, correlating with their clinical potency[58]. This observation might have implications for anesthetic action and postoperative cognitive dysfunction. There’s now evidence that resonance modes not just happen in microtubules at the (nano) mechanical level but can even be detected at the level of their electric conductivity. Much more intriguingly, mechanical and electromagnetic resonance modes can coexist and influence each other inside the microtubular network. STM, coupled with an adhoc designed cell replica created to deliver electromagnetic fields of defined frequencies to microtubules growing on platinum nanoelectrodes, has shown that tubulins, tubulin dimers, and microtubules exhibited electric conductivity profiles resonating only with certain electromagnetic frequencies applied to the in vitro system[5]. STM analysis also supplied evidence that the resonant tunneling currents elicited by microtubules occurred in response to electromagnetic fields applied inside a MHz range[5]. These findings indicate that microtubules can create particular electromechanical oscillations as a consequence of a resonant response to defined electromagnetic frequencies created or delivered within their environment[5]. These observations additional support the concept that microtubules may possibly act as an intracellular bioelectronic circuit. Consonant with such viewpoint are (A) Adrenergic ��2 Receptors Inhibitors targets theoretical calculations considering the microtubules as elements producing electric fields of higher frequency and radiation features[14]; and (B) experimental assays demonstrating that even a single brain microtubule behaves as a nanowire harboring “memory states” based on its protein arrangement symmetry, coupled with conductivity state embedded in the microtubule itself, equitable to a memory switch device with a neartozero hysteresisWJSChttps://www.wjgnet.comJune 26,VolumeIssueFacchin F et al. Physical energies and stem cell stimulationloss[59] (Figure 1).BIOMOLECULAR RECOGNITION PATTERNINGThe microtubular network and its sync and swarming behavior may help develop a novel hypothesis on biomolecular recognition inside the intracellular environment. The “keyandlock” dynamics, whilst fitting the description for the interaction of couple of molecules in aqueous solutions, fails to adequately describe and predict the collective behavior of a high number of different signaling players that cohabit the intracellular environment and share overlaying space and time domains of interaction to afford integrated cellular decisions. Furthermore, the time needed for cellular proteins to make productive interaction by means of intracellular diffusion mechanisms would be highly unpredictable on largescale colliding.