Revealed capsular inflammation. ***16.66 (1) case revealed an occasional microgranuloma. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051889.tThe control group (F/I) with all animals alive revealed normal renal tubular histology (Fig. 4a). Varying extent of congestion dominated the entire histopathological spectrum. 1326631 SC 1 Hepatic microscopic findings. The hepatic specimens of almost all 5 animals of each group, A/I, B/I, C/I, D/I and E/Irevealed variable extent of micro and macro-vesicular steatosis (Fig. 5 and Fig. 6a). Varying extent of congestion (Fig. 6b and 6c) along with few cases showing sinusoidal obstruction syndrome were also present. In A/I and B/I, one and two cases respectively, revealed scattered individual hepatocytic cell degeneration without inflammation. One case showing focal necrosis with inflammationFigure 2. Spectrum of renal tubular necrosis seen in acute 11089-65-9 biological activity toxicity study of a gold (III) compound [Au(en)Cl2]Cl. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051889.gRenal and Hepatic Toxicity of a Gold (III) CompoundFigure 3. Microscopic findings of renal tubules showing different grades of renal tubular necrosis as seen in the acute toxicity study of a gold (III) compound [Au(en)Cl2]Cl. a b: Grade 2 as seen in H E 620 and 640. Necrotic tubules are seen amongst viable renal tubules. The necrosis is less than 25 of the total material examined. In 640 magnification, more abundant, necrotic cells are seen along with normal renal tubules. c d: Grade 1 as seen in H E 640 magnification. Scattered individual apoptotic/necrotic cells with strongly eosinophilic cytoplasm and pyknotic nuclei are seen. e f: Grade 5 as seen in H E 620 and 640 The entire field shows mostly necrotic renal tubules. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051889.gRenal and Hepatic Toxicity of a Gold (III) CompoundFigure 4. Renal and hepatic tissues in the controls used in acute (a,b,c) and sub-acute (d,e,f) toxicity parts of study. a: Renal tissue showing mild congestion with no other pathological change as seen in acute toxicity controls (H E x40). b: Hepatic tissue as seen in acute toxicity controls (H E x40) showing mild congestion. No other pathological change is seen in this focus. c: Marked ballooning degeneration as seen in acute toxicity controls (H E x40). d: Unremarkable renal tubules as seen in sub-acute toxicity controls (H E x40). e: Unremarkable hepatic tissue as seen in sub-acute toxicity controls (H E x20). f: Unremarkable hepatic tissue as seen in sub-acute toxicity controls (H E x40). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051889.gand another one revealing moderate ballooning degeneration with an occasional microgranuloma was seen in group E/I (Fig. 6d). The hepatic picture in F/I (control, drug free group, Fig. 4b and 4c) comprised moderate to marked ballooning degeneration (percentages of hepatic lesions are shown in table 2).Sub-Acute ToxicityThis batch had two groups, each comprising 6 animals. The first group (A/II) was dosed with 32.2 mg/kg (1/10 of LD50) for two weeks and the second (group B/II) was the drug free control group. Group A/II had no animal dead before necropsy. As a whole, the renal tissue was unaffected as far as tubular necrosis (Fig. 7) was concerned. Varying extents of pyelitis with prominence of 18325633 eosinophils and mild congestion spanned the entire histological picture (percentages are shown in table 3). The hepatic lesion comprised mild to marked ballooning degeneration (Fig. 8) and congestion, with one case revealing an occasional microgranu-loma. Capsular inflammation,.Revealed capsular inflammation. ***16.66 (1) case revealed an occasional microgranuloma. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051889.tThe control group (F/I) with all animals alive revealed normal renal tubular histology (Fig. 4a). Varying extent of congestion dominated the entire histopathological spectrum. 1326631 Hepatic microscopic findings. The hepatic specimens of almost all 5 animals of each group, A/I, B/I, C/I, D/I and E/Irevealed variable extent of micro and macro-vesicular steatosis (Fig. 5 and Fig. 6a). Varying extent of congestion (Fig. 6b and 6c) along with few cases showing sinusoidal obstruction syndrome were also present. In A/I and B/I, one and two cases respectively, revealed scattered individual hepatocytic cell degeneration without inflammation. One case showing focal necrosis with inflammationFigure 2. Spectrum of renal tubular necrosis seen in acute toxicity study of a gold (III) compound [Au(en)Cl2]Cl. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051889.gRenal and Hepatic Toxicity of a Gold (III) CompoundFigure 3. Microscopic findings of renal tubules showing different grades of renal tubular necrosis as seen in the acute toxicity study of a gold (III) compound [Au(en)Cl2]Cl. a b: Grade 2 as seen in H E 620 and 640. Necrotic tubules are seen amongst viable renal tubules. The necrosis is less than 25 of the total material examined. In 640 magnification, more abundant, necrotic cells are seen along with normal renal tubules. c d: Grade 1 as seen in H E 640 magnification. Scattered individual apoptotic/necrotic cells with strongly eosinophilic cytoplasm and pyknotic nuclei are seen. e f: Grade 5 as seen in H E 620 and 640 The entire field shows mostly necrotic renal tubules. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051889.gRenal and Hepatic Toxicity of a Gold (III) CompoundFigure 4. Renal and hepatic tissues in the controls used in acute (a,b,c) and sub-acute (d,e,f) toxicity parts of study. a: Renal tissue showing mild congestion with no other pathological change as seen in acute toxicity controls (H E x40). b: Hepatic tissue as seen in acute toxicity controls (H E x40) showing mild congestion. No other pathological change is seen in this focus. c: Marked ballooning degeneration as seen in acute toxicity controls (H E x40). d: Unremarkable renal tubules as seen in sub-acute toxicity controls (H E x40). e: Unremarkable hepatic tissue as seen in sub-acute toxicity controls (H E x20). f: Unremarkable hepatic tissue as seen in sub-acute toxicity controls (H E x40). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051889.gand another one revealing moderate ballooning degeneration with an occasional microgranuloma was seen in group E/I (Fig. 6d). The hepatic picture in F/I (control, drug free group, Fig. 4b and 4c) comprised moderate to marked ballooning degeneration (percentages of hepatic lesions are shown in table 2).Sub-Acute ToxicityThis batch had two groups, each comprising 6 animals. The first group (A/II) was dosed with 32.2 mg/kg (1/10 of LD50) for two weeks and the second (group B/II) was the drug free control group. Group A/II had no animal dead before necropsy. As a whole, the renal tissue was unaffected as far as tubular necrosis (Fig. 7) was concerned. Varying extents of pyelitis with prominence of 18325633 eosinophils and mild congestion spanned the entire histological picture (percentages are shown in table 3). The hepatic lesion comprised mild to marked ballooning degeneration (Fig. 8) and congestion, with one case revealing an occasional microgranu-loma. Capsular inflammation,.